تعاملات دیپلماتیک

تعاملات دیپلماتیک

تأثیر بحران 2022 اوکراین بر سیاست‌های انرژی اتحادیه اروپا

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 دانشیار روابط بین‌الملل دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران
2 دانشجوی دکتری علوم سیاسی دانشگاه دولتی حمل و نقل، مسکو، روسیه
چکیده
بحران انرژی اتحادیه اروپا که در وهله اول با افزایش قیمت گاز طبیعی از پایان سال 2021 آغاز و با حمله روسیه به اوکراین تشدید شد، مسئله امنیت را مجددا به یکی از مبرم‌ترین موضوعات در دستور کار سیاسی کمیسیون اروپا مبدل ساخت. رخدادی که صله‌ای بر اهمیت استراتژی‌های اقلیمی و کربن‌زدایی از سبد انرژی کشورهای اروپایی با تأکید بر نقش کرملین و میزان وابستگی به منابع هیدروکربنی روسیه، به‌عنوان منشأ مستقیم بحران گذاشته است. مقاله حاضر تلاش می‌کند از تلفیق رویکرد واقع‌گرایی و سازه‌انگاری در غالب گفتمان اوراق بهادارسازی ابعاد امنیتی، سیاست‌های اتخاذ شده از سوی اتحادیه اروپا را در پس‌زمینه روابط انرژی بروکسل ـ کرملین تعریف نماید. بدین ترتیب مقاله پیش‌رو با روش کیفی و راهبرد قیاسی، بر اساس منابع کتابخانه‌ای ـ اینترنتی و تحلیل اسناد به دنبال پاسخگویی به این پرسش است که بحران 2022 اوکراین بر سیاست‌های انرژی اتحادیه اروپا چه تأثیری داشته است؟ نوشتار حاضر بر این فرض استوار است که با آغاز بحران 24 فوریه؛ کمیسیون اروپا علاوه بر فوریت بخشیدن به اجرای طرح‌های پیشنهادی در خصوص تغییر سیستم انرژی اروپا و تسریع در انتقال انرژی، استراتژی انرژی نوینی را باهدف خودکفایی هرچه سریع‌تر نسبت به منابع گاز روسی از طریق تنوع‌بخشی به شرکای تجاری و منابع جایگزین را در دستور کار خود قرار داده است. درنتیجه می‌توان اذعان داشت، بار دیگر راهبرد انرژی بروکسل در راستای ارتقاء امنیت، انتقال عادلانه و منظم منابع انرژی زیر چتر مسائل زیست‌محیطی به‌عنوان پیشران وحدت‌بخش اهداف ذکرشده گام برداشته است.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

The Impact of the 2022 Ukraine Crisis on EU Energy Policies

نویسندگان English

Alireza Koohkan 1
Zarin Mousavi 2
1 Associate Professor, Department of International Relations, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran
2 . PhD Student, Department of Political Science, University of Transport (MIIT), Moscow, Russia
چکیده English

The energy crisis of the European Union, which started in the first place with the increase in the price of natural gas at the end of 2021 and intensified with the Russian attack on Ukraine. The present article tries to define the policies adopted by the European Union in the background of Brussels-Kremlin energy relations by combining the realism and constructivism approach in the dominant discourse of securitization of security dimensions. Thus, the upcoming article seeks to answer the question of the 2022 Ukraine crisis on the energy policies of the European Union with a qualitative method based on library-internet resources. The current article is based on the assumption that with the beginning of the crisis on February 24; In addition to expediting the implementation of proposed plans for changing the European energy system and accelerating energy transfer, the European Commission has put a new energy strategy on the agenda with the aim of becoming self-sufficient as soon as possible with respect to Russian gas resources through diversification of business partners and alternative sources. has put himself as a result, it can be acknowledged that, once again, Brussels' energy strategy has taken steps to promote security, fair and regular energy transfer resources under the umbrella of environmental issues as the unifying driver of the mentioned goals.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

European Union
Securitization
Energy Policy
Decarbonization
Ukraine War Crisis
Diversification
Russian Gas Resources
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